Modelación predictiva de los costos médicos directos en adultos mayores frágiles con diabetes mellitus, en un contexto ambulatorio rural

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

costos y análisis de costos, diabetes mellitus, factores socioeconómicos, fragilidad, Vietnam

Resumen

Antecedentes: La diabetes mellitus y la fragilidad se asocian con un aumento de los costos sanitarios; sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que evalúen los costos médicos directos en personas mayores con diabetes y fragilidad concomitantes.

Objetivo: Explorar los factores asociados con costos médicos directos totals en pacientes adultos mayores con diabetes y fragilidad.

Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 166 pacientes ambulatorios atendidos en un centro de salud rural de Vietnam. Se aplicaron modelos predictivos supervisados, incluida la regresión lineal y métodos seleccionados de aprendizaje automático, para predecir los costos médicos directos.

Resultados: El estado civil, convivir con la familia y la duración de la diabetes fueron las tres variables con mayor importancia para la capacidad predictiva del modelo. Las personas solteras o divorciadas tuvieron menores costos que las casadas (β = −0,29; IC95 %: −0,51 a −0,07; p = 0,009). Asimismo, quienes vivían con la familia se asociaron con menores costos que quienes no vivían con la familia (β = −0,29; IC95 %: −0,50 a −0,08; p = 0,008). La duración de la diabetes se asoció positivamente con el costo (β = 0,04; IC95 %: 0,00 a 0,09; p = 0.046).

Conclusiones: Los factores sociales y los relacionados con la salud se asocian con los costos médicos directos totales en adultos mayores frágiles con diabetes mellitus. Los gestores y responsables de políticas deberían considerar estos factores al planificar, diseñar e implementar políticas sanitarias para personas mayores.

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Citas

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Publicado

28.02.2026

Cómo citar

1.
Nguyen NT, Hoang QC, Nguyen MT, Tran VD. Modelación predictiva de los costos médicos directos en adultos mayores frágiles con diabetes mellitus, en un contexto ambulatorio rural. Rev. cuba. med. mil [Internet]. 28 de febrero de 2026 [citado 4 de marzo de 2026];55(1):e026077246. Disponible en: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/77246

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Artículo de Investigación