Ventilación minuto en ejercicio cardiorrespiratorio y su relación con fracción de eyección ventricular
Resumen
Introducción: La prueba de ejercicio cardiorrespiratorio es una alternativa no invasiva en la evaluación de sujetos con insuficiencia cardÃaca.
Objetivo: Evaluar la validez de los equivalentes ventilatorios para dióxido de carbono (VE/VCO2) como predictor de la fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda (FEVI) en comparación con el consumo máximo de oxÃgeno.
Métodos: Estudio analÃtico transversal en pacientes con prueba de ejercicio cardiopulmonar y ecocardiografÃa transtorácica. Se dividió en un grupo con FEVI reducida < 40 % y conservada = 40 %. Análisis bivariado comparando variables cualitativas con la prueba de jicuadrado y variables cuantitativas, con la prueba t de Student. Se construyó una curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) para evaluar la capacidad discriminativa entre el cociente ventilatorio de dióxido de carbono y el pulso de oxÃgeno pico.
Resultados: En el análisis final se incluyeron 138 pacientes. En pacientes con FEVI reducida, el consumo máximo de oxÃgeno presentó un promedio de 1,6 L/min (DE ± 0,68) en comparación con 1,7 L/min (DE ± 0,66) en el grupo de control (p= 0,513). Los VE/VCO2 durante el umbral ventilatorio y máximo presentaron un promedio de 38,4 (DE ± 7,38) y 44,6 (DE ± 8,24), respectivamente. El rendimiento discriminatorio de VE/VCO2 versus el consumo máximo de oxÃgeno fue de 0,737 (IC 95 %: 0,596-0,878; p= 0,008) en pacientes con FEVI reducida.
Conclusiones: VE/VCO2 es un predictor confiable de FEVI normal o reducida y tiene un buen desempeño en comparación con el consumo máximo de oxÃgeno.
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Referencias
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