Trends in acute myocardial infarction between 2018-2021
Keywords:
heart disease, ischemia, myocardial infarctionAbstract
Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a high incidence heart disease with impact on hospital morbidity and mortality, common cause of admissions and care in emergency units.
Objective: To describe the annual behavior of AMI.
Methods: Analytical observational study in 1253 patients admitted for AMI in the period 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2021, at the Saturnino Lora Hospital in Santiago de Cuba. The following variables were used: age, sex, hospital stay, discharge status, use of homeopathic formulations, and location of the ischemic lesion. For the statistical analysis, the normality of the data distribution was evaluated, Fischer and Welch t-tests, chi-square, Log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier curves were used.
Results: 67.99% of patients were male. The overall case fatality was 10.21%. Significant differences in age (62.63 ± 0.73 vs. 71.43 ± 2.04; p= 0.0000) and hospital stay (7.92 ± 0.33 vs. 3.19 ± 0.66; p= 0.0000) were observed between live vs. deceased discharged patients. Of the deaths, 57.03% occurred within 48 hours, 32.81% within 24 hours and 19.53% within 12 hours of hospital admission. Using homeopathic formulations was associated with a clinically significant protective effect.
Conclusions: Incidence increased in 2020, with a tendency to recover at the end of the period evaluated; inverse trend in relation to mortality; a clinically significant protective effect was identified in the use of homeopathic formulations.
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References
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