Strategy to strengthen the psychological well-being of health professionals Health in emergencies and disasters
Keywords:
Keywords: psychological well-being; physicians; nursesAbstract
Introduction: The preparation of health professionals in emergencies and disasters proposes to focus on the development of the promotion of psychological well-being, with a collective approach, and consider that institutions must anticipate a health crisis.
Objective: to design a strategy to strengthen the psychological well-being of health professionals in emergencies and disasters.
Methods: The research assumed a mixed methodology with a sequential explanatory design at the "Comandante Manuel Fajardo Rivero" hospital in the period from April 2020 to December 2023. The population under study was made up of 76 health professionals, the variables studied were: professional category, psychological well-being, age and sex. In addition to the previous diagnosis for the development of the strategy, documents were analyzed, a focus group and a nominal group were held, once concluded it was subjected to evaluation by expert criteria.
Results: 87.1% of physicians, 60.5% of nurses, 78% of women, and 53% of professionals aged 20 to 39 had low psychological well-being. The strategy was designed to group integrated actions in three moments, before, during, and after the disaster, aimed at four levels of action: individual, group, institutional, and macrosocial. It is a proposal appropriate to the Cuban health context.
Conclusions: The designed strategy provides the possibility of developing actions that provide adequate resources and tools to strengthen the psychological well-being of professionals in emergency and disaster situations.
Downloads
References
1. Shmul CS, Berzon B, Adini B. Navigating crisis: exploring the links between threat perceptions, well-being, individual and workplace resilience among general hospital staff [Internet]. Isr J Health Policy Res. 2024 [acceso: 18/12/2024]; 13(1):69. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11575053/
2. Robins-Browne K, Lewis M, Burchill LJ, Gilbert C, Johnson C, O'Donnell M, et al. Interventions to support the mental health and well-being of front-line healthcare workers in hospitals during pandemics: an evidence review and synthesis [Internet]. BMJ Open. 2022 [acceso: 10/12/2024]; 12(11):e061317. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9644079/
3. Pinheiro MF, Relva IC, Costa M, Mota CP. The Role of Social Support and Sleep Quality in the Psychological Well-Being of Nurses and Doctors [Internet]. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 [acceso: 18/12/2024]; 21(6):786. Disponible en: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11204052/
4. McGuire C. Relationship Between Resilience, Emotional Intelligence, and Age [Internet]. Radiol Technol. 2023 [acceso: 28/12/2024]; 95(1):8-16. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37709521/
5. Gil Martín FJ. Deberes éticos en la preparación ante posibles emergencias y desastres [Internet]. Rev Esp Salud Pública. 2022 [acceso: 08/01/2025]; 96:e202210071. Disponible en: https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/250/406
6. Medina Macías A, Cruz Ruiz A, Ávila Vidal A. Efectos psicológicos del trabajo en el PS en condiciones de pandemia. Pautas para su adecuada gestión [Internet]. Alternativas Cubanas en Psicología. 2021 [acceso: 28/12/2024]; 9(25):58-70. Disponible en: https://acupsi.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/25-Alternatvas-cubanas-en-Psicologia-V9N25.pdf#page=61
7. Gutiérrez Álvarez AK, Mayo Parra I. La seguridad psicológica del personal de salud durante la pandemia por COVID-19: aproximación epistemológica y sociológica [Internet]. Rev Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales. 2022; 13(2):663-90. DOI: 10.21501/22161201.3862
8. Arangui A, Cerini L, Imbert L, Rígoli A. Vulnerabilidad Institucional: Formación y cuidado de los equipos de intervención como medios para gestionar riesgos. Análisis de un equipo de investigadoras argentinas [Internet]. Rev de Estudios Latinoamericanos sobre Reducción del Riesgo de Emergencias y desastres REDER. 2023; 7(1):33-43. DOI: 10.55467/reder.v7i1.106
9. Millet Rodríguez PE, Díaz Rodríguez J, Martínez Albacete R. Intervenciones de primera ayuda psicológica en situación de emergencia y desastres en Cuba [Internet]. Rev haban cienc méd. 2022 [acceso: 28/12/2024]; 21(3):e4875. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1729-519X2022000300016&lng=es
10. Peña Salazar LD, de la Yncera Hernández NC. Proyecto para fortalecer habilidades socioemocionales y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes de medicina ante la pandemia de COVID-19 [Internet]. Rev cubana de Psicología. 2022 [acceso: 28/12/2024]; 4(5):48-60. Disponible en: https://revistas.uh.cu/psicocuba/article/view/358/318
11. Delgado Domínguez C, Rodríguez Barraza A, Lagunes Córdoba R, Vázquez Martínez FD. Bienestar psicológico en médicos residentes de una universidad pública en México [Internet]. Univ Med. 2020 [acceso: 08/01/2025]; 61(2):3-11. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2011-08392020000200002&lng=en
12. Casullo MM, Brenlla ME, Solano AC, Cruz MS, González R, Maganto C, et al. Evaluación del bienestar psicológico en Iberoamérica. Paidós; 1a. ed; Buenos Aires; 2002.
13. Fattori A, Comotti A, Mazzaracca S, Consonni D, Bordini L, Colombo E, et al. Long-Term Trajectory and Risk Factors of Healthcare Workers' Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: A 24 Month Longitudinal Cohort Study [Internet]. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023; 20(5):4586. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054586
14. García Torres M, Aguilar Castro J, García Méndez M. Bienestar psicológico y burnout en personal de salud durante la pandemia de COVID-19 [Internet]. Escritos de Psicología. 2021 [acceso: 08/01/2025]; 14(2):96-106. Disponible en: https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1989-38092021000200006&lng=es
15. Ríos González CM. La gestión del tiempo y la resiliencia como habilidades fundamentales en la educación médica [Internet]. Rev Nac (Itauguá). 2023 [acceso: 08/01/2025]; 15(2):1-3. Disponible en: http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2072-81742023000200001&lng=en
16. Juárez García A. Síndrome de burnout en personal de salud durante la pandemia COVID-19: un semáforo naranja en la salud mental [Internet]. Rev Univ Ind Santander Salud. 2020 [acceso: 08/01/2025]; 52(4):432-9. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0121-08072020000400432&lng=en
17. Frigola-Capell E, Fabregas L, Juanola M, Soms M, Hernández M, Grau R, et al. Integrated psychological intervention programme for frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative study [Internet]. Arch Prev Riesgos Labor. 2024 [acceso: 04/01/2025]; 27(2):157-72. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1578-25492024000200004&lng=es
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Yaima Alonso Cruz, Marlisis Martínez Frómeta, Ivonne Cepero Rodríguez, Daniel Águila Castillo , Yeleines Quesada Ravelo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who have publications with this Journal accept the following terms:
- The authors will retain their copyright and guarantee the Journal the right of first publication of their work, which will simultaneously be subject to the Creative Commons Attribution License. The content presented here can be shared, copied and redistributed in any medium or format; Can be adapted, remixed, transformed or created from the material, using the following terms: Attribution (giving appropriate credit to the work, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes have been made); non-commercial (you cannot use the material for commercial purposes) and share-alike (if you remix, transform or create new material from this work, you can distribute your contribution as long as you use the same license as the original work).
- The authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for the distribution of the published version of the work (for example: depositing it in an institutional electronic archive or publishing it in a monographic volume) as long as the initial publication in this Journal is indicated.
- Authors are allowed and recommended to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional electronic archives or on their website) before and during the submission process, which can produce interesting exchanges and increase citations. of the published work.
