Factors associated with fetal chromosomal aneuploidy in high-risk pregnant women
Keywords:
amniocentesis, chromosomal aneuploidy, high-risk pregnancy, prenatal screening, prenatal ultrasonographyAbstract
Introduction: Chromosomal aneuploidy (CA) is one of the leading causes of miscarriage and congenital anomalies, particularly prevalent among high-risk pregnant women.
Objective: To identify the key predictors associated with fetal chromosomal aneuploidy among high-risk pregnant women.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 436 high-risk pregnant women at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Vietnam, from April 2021 to December 2024. The participants underwent amniocentesis and karyotyping. Collected risk factors included maternal age, paternal age, history of miscarriage, history of giving birth to children with birth defects, occupational exposure to chemicals, place of residence, and abnormal fetal ultrasound findings. Statistical analysis was performed using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: The overall rate of chromosomal aneuploidy was 11.2%, with trisomy 21 being the most common (42.9%). In the univariate analysis, statistically significant risk factors associated with CA included: maternal age ≥ 35 (OR = 2.3; p = 0.007), paternal age ≥ 40 (OR = 2.1; p = 0.033), and abnormal ultrasound findings (OR = 2.2; p = 0.017). In multivariate analysis, only abnormal ultrasound findings remained statistically significant (OR = 2.06; p = 0.022).
Conclusion: Advanced paternal age and abnormal fetal ultrasound findings serve as important predictors for screening fetal chromosomal aneuploidy in high-risk pregnant women.
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