Nursing intervention for the early detection of cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatic diseases
Keywords:
cardiovascular risk; rheumatic disease; rheumatoid arthritisAbstract
Introduction: Patients with rheumatic diseases are at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Late detection of these complications leads to greater functional disability and impaired perceptions of health-related quality of life.
Objective: Describe the results of a nursing intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatic diseases.
Methods: An applied research was carried out, with a quasi-experimental design in a population of 257 patients diagnosed with rheumatic diseases, of whom 155 formed the research sample. Cardiovascular risk was identified using the Framingham Risk Score, along with the level of knowledge about its prevention and the general characteristics of the research subjects. The Bowker test was used to identify changes in patients' level of knowledge about cardiovascular risk prevention at the end of the study.
Results: The mean age was 53.81 years, with a predominance of female patients (68.39%) and a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (78.71%). During the pretest, 60% of patients were identified with low levels of knowledge, as well as 30.97% with medium cardiovascular risk and 24.51% with high risk. In the post-test, a predominance of patients with a medium level of knowledge (56.77%) and mild cardiovascular risk (54.84%) was identified.
Conclusions: The nursing intervention implemented reduced cardiovascular risk in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, as well as increased knowledge about its prevention.
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