Consumo alimentario durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19 en adultos sanos
Palabras clave:
dieta, ingestión de alimentos, cuarentena, COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, pandemia, revisión.Resumen
Introducción: La pandemia por la COVID-19 condujo a un confinamiento que pudo repercutir en los niveles de estrés, ansiedad, como también en el consumo de alimentos de la población en todo el mundo. Se realizó una revisión de tipo narrativa. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en la interfaz PubMed de MEDLINE y la interfaz de Web of Science Core Colletion. Se incluyeron artículos en inglés, español y portugués, entre enero 2020 y junio 2021.
Objetivos: Describir los cambios en el consumo de alimentos durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19 en adultos sanos.
Desarrollo: De 106 artículos, 19 cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. De los 19 artículos analizados, 9 de ellos observaron un aumento del consumo de carnes y embutidos, cereales, bocadillos dulces y bebidas azucaradas. Se encontró un aumento de preparaciones caseras en 5 estudios, también 5 de ellos encontraron una disminución del consumo de comida rápida. No se presentaron cambios en el consumo de lácteos, legumbres, frutas, verduras, pescados, mariscos, agua y alcohol según 7 estudios.
Conclusiones: Hubo cambios en la alimentación en parte de la población, de manera heterogénea, de acuerdo con el grupo de alimentos, producto del confinamiento por la COVID-19. Se aprecia un aumento del consumo de carnes y embutidos, cereales, bocadillos dulces y bebidas azucaradas. Disminuyó el consumo de comida rápida. No se presentaron cambios en el consumo de lácteos, legumbres, frutas, verduras, pescados, mariscos, agua y alcohol.
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