Evaluación de la contaminación por aflatoxina B 1 en arroz y maíz

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

aflatoxina B1, micotoxinas, arroz, maíz, cromatografía líquida de alta presión.

Resumen

Introducción: La aflatoxina B1 se encuentra entre las micotoxinas más comunes y venenosas producidas por ciertos hongos que dañan a los animales y los cultivos. Las micotoxinas pueden causar una variedad de efectos adversos para la salud y representar una grave amenaza para la salud de los seres humanos. Los límites máximos de residuos de aflatoxina B1 en cereales e ingredientes procesados son de 2 ppb y 5 ppb, respectivamente.
Objetivos: Evaluar el estado de contaminación por aflatoxina B1 en arroz, maíz y alimentos básicos producidos en la provincia de Ha Giang, en comparación con los niveles máximos permitidos. Métodos: Se analizaron un total de 210 muestras de arroz y maíz para cuantificar el nivel de aflatoxina B1. El análisis de micotoxinas se realizó mediante cromatografía líquida de alta resolución, utilizando un detector de fluorescencia.
Resultados: Se encontró que el arroz, los productos de arroz, el maíz y los productos de maíz tenían un contenido medio de aflatoxin B1, de 1,79 ppb, 2,55 ppb, 2,19 ppb y 6,35 ppb, respectivamente. Los resultados también mostraron que el 71,9 % de las muestras estaban contaminadas con micotoxinas y el 14,28 % de las muestras excedieron el límite máximo permitido.
Conclusión:
La concentración de aflatoxina B1 en el 14,28% de las muestras está por encima de los límites permisibles por la norma nacional.

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Biografía del autor/a

Anh The Nguyen, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department Post-Graduate Training Management

Chuyen Van Nguyen, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Ba Van Nguyen, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Science

Trang Thi-Thu Nguyen, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Phuong Minh Nguyen, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Occupational Medicine

Kha Van Tran, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Minh Duc Tong, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Anh Tuan Le, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Truong Thi Hoang, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Manh Van Phan, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Trung Hoang Nguyen, Vietnam Military Medical University

Department of Military Hygiene

Citas

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Publicado

28.08.2023

Cómo citar

1.
Nguyen AT, Nguyen CV, Nguyen BV, Nguyen TT-T, Nguyen PM, Tran KV, et al. Evaluación de la contaminación por aflatoxina B 1 en arroz y maíz. Rev Cubana Med Milit [Internet]. 28 de agosto de 2023 [citado 8 de enero de 2025];52(3):e02307998. Disponible en: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/7998

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Artículo de Investigación

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