The OLGA system to diagnose gastric cancer precursor lesions
Keywords:
intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, gastric atrophy, gastric cancer, OLGA, Helicobacter pylori.Abstract
Introduction: The OLGA system considers gastric atrophy as the representative histopathological lesion of progression in chronic gastritis, which is the common denominator in cancer induction.Objective: To identify precursor lesions of gastric cancer.
Methods: A descriptive study which included 190 patients with dyspepsia was carried out. The results were expressed in absolute numbers and percentages. To evaluate the association of gastric atrophy with duodenogastric reflux andHelicobacter pylori infection, the chi-square test (χ 2) was applied. A level of statistical significance p≤ 0,05 was accepted.
Results: The 94.2% of the patients had erythematous gastritis. Stage II was the most frequent in those under 50 years of age (54.1%) and in the elderly (48.5%). Stage III patients were found in both age groups (10.7% in those under 50 years of age and 16.1% in those over 50 years of age). In stage II, 27 (62.8%) patients had intestinal metaplasia. Low-grade dysplasia was found more frequently in stage II (46; 54.2%), followed by stage III (17; 20%). There were 19 (76%) patients with severe chronic gastritis in OLGA stage III.
Conclusions: The prevalence of advanced stages of gastric atrophy is low. Intestinal metaplasia and low-grade dysplasia are more frequent in OLGA stage II. There are no patients with detected high-grade dysplasia.
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References
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