Diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology in nodular thyroid lesions

Authors

Keywords:

cytology, diagnosis, fine needle biopsy, predictive value of the tests, sensitivity and specificity, thyroid nodule.

Abstract

Background: Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology is fast, reliable, minimally invasive, and beneficial. It reduces unnecessary surgical procedures and classifies patients with benign or malignant nodules for timely surgical intervention.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic utility, for nodular disease, of the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology.
Methods: Anobservational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out based on the analysis of the results of preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology of patients who underwent thyroid surgery between January 2016 and December 2019.
Results: 105 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of which 95% (n= 100) were women, and 5% (n= 5) were men. The age range was between 13 and 82 years. Of the total stitches, 64 were reported as benign and 19 as malignant. A sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 98.1%, positive predictive value of 94.7%, and negative predictive value of 81.3% were calculated. The diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology is 0.8434, with a 95% confidence interval of (74.7%-91.4%).
Conclusion: Fine-needle aspiration cytology allows a simple, minimally invasive, safe, and cost-effective diagnosis of thyroid lesions with high specificity and precision. However, due to the possibility of false-negative results, it is recommended that even patients with benign cytological findings be maintained in regular clinical follow-up.

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Author Biographies

Erick Joffre Urbano Ale, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

Medico especialista en anatomía patológica

Lima, Perú

Manuel Núñez Vergara, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos

Médico y Doctor en Ciencias de la Salud

Marlene Flores Rodríguez, Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unánue, Lima - Perú

médico especialista en anatomía patológica

Manuel Chilca Alva, Universidad de Lima, Lima - Perú

licenciado en estadística e informática, magister en Educación con mención en docencia universitaria

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Published

2024-05-06

How to Cite

1.
Urbano Ale EJ, Núñez Vergara M, Flores Rodríguez M, Chilca Alva M. Diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology in nodular thyroid lesions. Rev Cubana Med Milit [Internet]. 2024 May 6 [cited 2025 Apr. 29];53(2):e024024312. Available from: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/24312

Issue

Vol. 53 No. 2 (2024): April - June

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Research Article

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