Clinical-epidemiological aspects of patients assisted with ocular burns by chemical agents
Keywords:
alkalies, burns, ocular conjunctiva, visual acuity.Abstract
Introduction: Eye burns are classified as a serious public health problem due to the lack of awareness about eye protection, morbidity and severity of the consequences that occur.Objective: Characterize patients with ocular burns due to chemical agents according to clinical and epidemiological variables.
Method: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in 439 patients with ocular burns due to chemical agents. The variables of age, sex, ocular pathological history, degree of the burn, chemical causative agent, visual acuity, and present signs and symptoms were measured. The mean, percentage and standard deviation were used as summary measures. In order to associate variables under study, the ji square statistician was used for a significance level of a= 0.05.
Results: 63.8% of the patients assisted were male. Alkaline substances affected the ocular surface of 332 people (75.6%). Eye pain (90%), decreased visual acuity (85%) and foreign body sensation (72%) were the main symptoms reported by affected patients. After examination of the ocular surface, the most relevant clinical findings were conjunctival hyperemia (92.3%) and epithelial defects (88.6%).
Conclusions: Eye burns from chemical agents are mostly caused by alkalis. They affect people of any age, with preference for the male sex, and they are accompanied by pain, decreased visual acuity, conjunctival hyperemia and epithelial defects.
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3. Li T, Jiang B, Zhou X. Clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized for ocular chemical injuries in Shanghai from 2012 to 2017 [Internet]. Int Ophthalmol. 2020 [acceso: 10/07/2023]; 40(4):909-16. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31919774/
4. Ahmmed AA, Ting DSJ, Figueiredo FC. Epidemiology, economic and humanistic burdens of Ocular Surface Chemical Injury: A narrative review [Internet]. Ocul Surf. 2021 [acceso: 28/06/2023]; 20:199-211. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33647471/
5. Veitía Rovirosa ZA, Feng Zhan G, Padilla González C, Pérez Suárez RG, Bauza Fortunato Y. Epidemiología de las urgencias oftalmológicas [Internet]. Revista Cubana de Oftalmología. 2021 [acceso: 03/07/2023]; 34(2):e1118. Disponible en: https://revoftalmologia.sld.cu/index.php/oftalmologia/article/view/1118/pdf_132
6. Bizra M, Yusuf A, Ahmad S. An update on chemical eye burns. Eye (Lond) [Internet]. 2019 [acceso: 11/07/2023]; 33(9):1362-77. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31086244/
7. D' Antone VA, Quirozb LC, Palencia Flórez DC. Clinical profile of ocular injuries in a geographically isolated Colombian municipality [Internet]. International Emergency Nursing. 2020 [acceso: 26/07/2023]; 52:[aprox. 6p.]. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1755599X20300811?via%3Dihub
8. Audivert Hung Y, Barrera Garcel BR, Dupuret Carvajal D, Turiño Peña Z, Domínguez Pacheco RR. Caracterización de pacientes con quemaduras corneales [Internet]. MEDISAN. 2014 [acceso: 15/07/2023]; 18(9):1260-6. Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=368445167006
9. Cabrera-Pérez M, Martínez-Ceballos MA, Cáceres-Duque N. Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de las urgencias oftalmológicas en la sala de emergencias de un hospital Universitario [Internet]. Rev Mex Oftalmol. 2020; 94(1):16-22. DOI: 10.24875/RMO.M19000103
10. Pinch CM. Evaluation of Traumatic Uveitis in the Emergency Department [Internet]. Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal. 2019; 41(2):122-28. DOI: 10.1097/TME.0000000000000243
11. Goñi Toribio R. Análisis y prevención de riesgos higiénicos en docencia universitaria [Internet]. [Tesis de maestría en prevención de riesgos laborales]. España: Universidad Pública de Navarra. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas; 2023. [acceso: 31/07/2023]. Disponible en: https://hdl.handle.net/2454/45734
12. Baudouin C, Kolko M, Melik-Parsadaniantz S, Messmer EM. Inflammation in Glaucoma: From the back to the front of the eye, and beyond [Internet]. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2021 [acceso: 30/07/2023]; 83:100916. Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33075485/
13. Anahíta K, Supriya S, Yathish S, Vipin DA, Malepati N, Donthineni PR, et al. Demographic profile and clinical characteristics of patients presenting with acute ocular burns [Internet]. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2023; 71(7):2694-703. DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_3330_22
14. Pipatrattanathaworn W, Ausayakhun S, Tantraworasin A. Clinical features and visual outcomes of eye and orbital injuries in northern Thailand [Internet]. CMUL: Journal Articles. 2019 [acceso: 03/08/2023]; 102(5):564-9. Disponible en: http://cmuir.cmu.ac.th/jspui/handle/6653943832/65756
15. Eslani M, Baradaran-Rafii A, Movahedan A, Djalilian AR. The Ocular Surface Chemical Burns [Internet]. Journal of Ophthalmology. 2014 [acceso: 05/08/2023]; 2014[s. n.]: [aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/joph/2014/196827.pdf
16. Fuyan W, Cheng J, Zhai H, Dong Y, Li H, Xie L. Correlation analysis of the clinical features and prognosis of acute ocular burns-exploration of a new classification scheme [Internet]. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2020 [acceso: 16/08/2023]; 258:147-55. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00417-019-04525-6#citeas
Published
2024-06-05
How to Cite
1.
Castro García N, Arias Domínguez MK, Rodríguez Reyes O. Clinical-epidemiological aspects of patients assisted with ocular burns by chemical agents. Rev Cubana Med Milit [Internet]. 2024 Jun. 5 [cited 2025 Jan. 9];53(2):e024036099. Available from: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/36099
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Clinical Practice Article
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