Morbimortality in patients operated of acute mesenteric ischemia
Keywords:
acute abdomen, general surgery, abdominal pain, mesenteric ischemiaAbstract
Introduction: Acute mesenteric ischemia is an abdominal vascular emergency that compromises intestinal viability due to sudden alterations in splanchnic blood flow, whether due to arterial or venous obstruction.
Objective: To describe the morbidity and mortality in patients operated on for acute mesenteric ischemia.
Methods: An observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study was carried out in the population treated in the 10 de Octubre Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital, during the years 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2023. The variables studied were age, sex, skin complexion, time of diagnosis, discharge status, cause of death, history, signs of symptoms and surgical treatment. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used with chi-square tests, Student's t-test, and Cramér's V coefficient.
Results: Males prevailed (60%), a higher frequency in ages over 80 years (50%), and a greater predominance in white-skinned (65%). The years with the highest incidence were 2018 and 2019 (70%). The most frequent personal pathological history and symptoms were arterial hypertension (27.08%) and abdominal pain, respectively (n = 20; 13.07%). Diagnosis time of 24 - 48 hours and extensive infarction predominated. The most common cause of death was multiple organ failure.
Conclusions: Acute mesenteric ischemia is a surgical emergency with high mortality, in which clinical and surgical factors influence the postoperative outcome and allow for early, multidisciplinary intervention that improves the prognosis.
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