Smartphone addiction in adolescents after the COVID-19 pandemic
Keywords:
COVID-19, mental health, psychological dependency, smart phone.Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic brought with it changes in human behavior and psychic conditions that affect mental health.Objective: Estimate smartphone addiction in female adolescents after COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Cross-sectional study, conducted during November to December 2022, in a public educational institution in Ica, Peru. A total of 581 adolescents participated and answered a questionnaire with general variables and the Smartphone Addiction Scale. A descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis was applied using Poisson family generalized linear models to evaluate the association between variables.
Results: Of the participants, 21.7% revealed addiction to smartphones and 48.7% were at high risk of dependence on these devices. Family conflicts at home (adjusted prevalence ratio-RPa = 1.41; 95% confidence interval-CI: 1.00-1.99) and feelings of shame (RPa = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.01-2.03), were associated with higher smartphone addiction. However, feelings of sadness, anxiety or depression and feeling rejected by society showed an unadjusted association.
Conclusions: Smartphone addiction and risk for this disorder is high in adolescent girls; there are general variables amenable to modification that could diminish such a behavioral condition induced or potentiated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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References
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3. Huckins JF, Wang W, Hedlund E, Rogers C, Nepal SK, Wu J, et al. Mental health and behavior of college students during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal smartphone and ecological momentary assessment study. Journal medical internet research. 2020;22(6): e20185. DOI: 10.2196/20185
4. Herrero J, Torres A, Vivas P, Urueña A. Smartphone addiction, social support, and cybercrime victimization: A discrete survival and growth mixture model. Psychosocial Intervention. 2022; 31(1):59-66. DOI: 10.5093/pi2022a3
5. Aldana-Zavala JJ, Valdivieso PAV, Isea-Argüelles JJ, Colina-Ysea FJ. Dependencia y adicción al teléfono inteligente en estudiantes universitarios. Formación universitaria. 2021;14(5):129-36. DOI: 10.4067/S0718-50062021000500129
6. Cortés ME, Herrera-Aliaga E. Nomofobia: Adicción al teléfono inteligente. Impacto en jóvenes y recomendaciones de su adecuado uso en actividades de aprendizaje en el área salud. Revista médica de Chile. 2022;150(3):407-08. DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872022000300407
7. Alhaboby ZA, Barnes J, Evans H, Short E. Cyber-victimization of people with chronic conditions and disabilities: a systematic review of scope and impact. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. 2019;17(3):1-18. DOI: 10.1177/1524838017717743
8. Şimşek H. The effect of smartphone addiction on attention level in high school Students. Bağımlılık Dergisi. 2023; 24(2):113-22. DOI: 10.51982/bagimli.1118921
9. Tateno M, Teo AR, Ukai W, Kanazawa J, Katsuki R, Kubo H, Kato TA. Internet addiction, smartphone addiction, and hikikomori trait in Japanese young adult: social isolation and social network. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2019;10(455):1-11. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00455
10. Avci D, Gündoğdu NA, Dönmez RH, Avci FE. Students as teachers: effect of the peer education model on reducing smartphone addiction in adolescents. Health Education Research. 2023; 38(2):107-18. DOI: 10.1093/her/cyac042
11. Aslan S. Investigation of the relationship between smartphone addiction and social loneliness in high school students. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies. 2023; 18(1):113-23. DOI: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2079788
12. Zhao H, Rafik-Galea S, Fitriana M, Song T. Meaning in life and smartphone addiction among Chinese female college students: The mediating role of school adjustment and the moderating role of grade. Frontiers in Psychology. 2023; 14:1092893. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1092893
13. Mustafaoglu R, Yasaci Z, Zirek E, Griffiths MD, Ozdincler AR. The relationship between smartphone addiction and musculoskeletal pain prevalence among young population: a cross-sectional study. The Korean Journal of Pain. 2021; 34 (1):72-81. DOI: 10.3344/KJP.2021.34.1.72
14. Lin Y, Liu Y, Fan W, Tuunainen VK, Deng S. Revisiting the relationship between smartphone use and academic performance: A large-scale study. Computers in Human Behavior. 2021; 122: 106835. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106835
15. Baert S, Vujić S, Amez S, Claeskens M, Daman T, Maeckelberghe A, et al. Smartphone use and academic performance: Correlation or causal relationship? Kyklos. 2020; 73(1):22-46. 10.1111/kykl.12214
16. Sparks M. Reflections on the International Union for Health Promotion and Education. Glob Health Promot. 2021; 28(4):117-18. DOI: 10.1177/17579759211059034
17. López-Fernández O. Short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale adapted to Spanish and French: Towards a cross-cultural research in problematic mobile phone use. Addictive behaviors. 2017; 64: 275-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.11.013
18. JASP Team. JASP (Version 0.17.3)[Computer software] 2023. Disponible en: https://jasp-stats.org/2021/11/22/la-version-en-espanol-de-jasp-ya-esta-en-linea/
19. Kwon M, Kim DJ, Cho H, Yang S. The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PLoS One. 2013; 8(12): e83558. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083558
20. Olson JA, Dasha S, Colucci E, Al Bikaii A, Chmoulevitch D, Nahas J, et al. Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries. Computers in Human Behavior. 2022 129:107138. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107138
21. Li G, Liu H, Qiu C, Tang W. Fear of COVID-19, prolonged smartphone use, sleep disturbances, and depression in the time of COVID-19: A nation-wide survey. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2022; 13:971800. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.971800
22. Cortés ME. Riesgos para el desarrollo neuropsicofisiológico de los adolescentes: impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19. Revista Ecuatoriana de Neurología. 2021; 30(1):13-14. DOI: 10.46997/revecuatneurol30100013
23. Dresp-Langley B, Hutt A. Digital Addiction and Sleep. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(11):6910. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116910
24. Galicia-Moyeda I, Sánchez-Velasco A, Robles-Ojeda F. Autoeficacia en escolares adolescentes: su relación con la depresión, el rendimiento académico y las relaciones familiares. Anales de psicología. 2013; 29(2):491-500. DOI: 10.6018/analesps.29.2.124691
Published
2023-12-01
How to Cite
1.
Becerra-Canales B, Hernández-Huaripaucar E, Becerra-Huamán D, Laos-Anchante C, Dávalos-Almeyda M, Cevallos-Cardenas MJ, et al. Smartphone addiction in adolescents after the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Cubana Med Milit [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 1 [cited 2025 Apr. 3];52(4):e023010141. Available from: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/10141
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