Oleander poisoning, a rare case

Authors

Keywords:

toxic plants, oleander poisoning, cardiac glycosides.

Abstract

Introduction: Poisoning by plants is infrequent, with a complicated diagnostic orientation, which in general makes it difficult to identify the plant, its toxic potential and specific treatment. Among them the oleander, capable of producing serious intoxication, as a case consulted to the National Toxicology Center.
Objectives: To present a clinical case of severe oleander poisoning.
Clinical case: Adult patientwith restlessness, vomiting, abdominal pain, blood pressure 150/90 mmHg, normal heart and respiratory rates, and reported that he had consumed orally and rectally a potion made with a plant, as an antiparasitic treatment. The doctor who assisted him decided to communicate with the National Toxicology Center. The plant was identified as oleander. Despite the application of volume replacement, gastric lavage and the administration of activated charcoal; the patient presented atrioventricular block, isolated extrasystoles and bradycardia, intravenous atropine was administered, and subsequent transfer to the intensive care unit, and later he was discharged.
Conclusions: The case presented a severe acute oleander poisoning, there was correct diagnosis and treatment, which required the joint work of the doctors from hospital emergency, the intensive care unit and the National Toxicology Center.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Yunior González Freyre, Centro Nacional de Toxicología

Especialista Primer Grado Medicina General Integral

References

1. Macías Peacok B, Suárez Crespo M F, Berenguer Rivas C, Pérez Jackson L. Intoxicaciones por plantas tóxicas atendidas desde un servicio de información toxicológica. Rev Cubana Plant Med. 2009[acceso: 16/10/20]; 14(2): 1-8. Disponible en: https://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/pla/v14n2/pla06209.pdf

2. Escobar Román R, Leiva Acebey L. Toxicidad de las principales plantas ornamentales de Cuba. Medicentro. 2010[acceso: 14/10/20]; 14(2):68-74. Disponible en: https://medicentro.sld.cu/index.php/medicentro/article/viewFile/110/139

3. Farooqui S, Tyagi, T. Nerium oleander: It's Application In Basic And Applied Science: A Review. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2018[acceso: 16/10/20]; 10(3):1-4. Disponible en: https://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijpps/article/view/22505/14026

4. Tayoub G, Sulaiman H, Alorfi M. Analysis of Oleandrin in Oleander Extract (Nerium oleander) by HPLC. Journal of Natural Products. 2014[acceso: 16/10/20]; 7:73-8. Disponible en: https://journalofnaturalproducts.com/Volume7/10_Res_paper-9.pdf

5. Martínez Castro B, Ferrando Piqueres R, Milara Payá J, Soler Company E. Intoxicación por Neriumoleander (baladre): dos casos clínicos. Cartas al director. Farm. Hosp. 2007[acceso: 14/10/20]; 31(2):128-36. Disponible en: https://www.sefh.es/fh/7_q14.pdf

6. Prasad A, Krishnaveni K, Neha KA, Neethu TD, Shanmugasundaram R, Sambathkumar R. A review on management of common oleander and yellow oleander poisoning. World journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. 2016[acceso: 13/10/20]; 5(12):493-503. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311774385_A_REVIEW_ON_MANAGEMENT_OF_COMMON_OLEANDER_AND_YELLOW_OLEANDER_POISONING/download

7. Mintegi S. Manual de intoxicaciones en pediatría. 3ra ed. Madrid: Ergon; 2012. [acceso: 13/10/20]. Disponible en: https://seup.org/pdf_public/gt/intox_manual3_enr.pdf

8. Alzate García F de J, Marín Cárdenas JA, García Orjuela MG. Paciente Intoxicado por Glucósidos Cardíacos. Bogotá: Encolombia; 2020 [acceso: 16/10/2020]. Disponible en: https://encolombia.com/medicina/guiasmed/emergencias%20toxicologicas/intoxicado-glucosidos-cardiacos/

9. Marín Casino M, Martínez Roig A, Diagnóstico de intoxicación por Nerium Oleander ¿Un único método analítico es suficiente? Farm Hosp. 2007[acceso: 14/10/20]; 31(4): 251-9. Disponible en: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2388662

10. Nogué S, Cino J, Civeira E, Puiguriguer J, Burillo-Putze G, Dueñas A, et al. Tratamiento de la intoxicación digitálica. Bases para el uso de los anticuerpos antidigital. Emergencias. 2012[acceso: 14/10/20]; 24: 462-75. Disponible en: https://www.socmue.cat/docs/gr_treball/Digital_intoxicacion_EMERGENCIAS_2012.pdf

11. Morán Chorro I, Baldirá Martínez de Irujo J, Marruecos-Sant L, Nogué Xarau S. Toxicología clínica. Madrid: Difusión Jurídica y Temas de Actualidad; 2011[acceso: 14/10/20]; 347-53. Disponible en: https://www.fetoc.es/asistencia/Toxicologia_clinica_libro.pdf

12. Roberts DM, Buckley N. Antidotes for acute cardenolide (cardiac glycoside) poisoning. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006[acceso: 14/10/20], 4: CD005490. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005490.pub2

Downloads

Published

2021-05-22

How to Cite

1.
González Freyre Y, Bestard Pavón LA, Barrero Viera L, García González Y, Londres Lobaina A, Iglesias Carrazana A. Oleander poisoning, a rare case. Rev Cubana Med Milit [Internet]. 2021 May 22 [cited 2025 Apr. 17];50(2):e02101052. Available from: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/1052

Issue

Vol. 50 No. 2 (2021): April - June

Section

Case Presentation

License

Authors who have publications with this Journal accept the following terms:

  • The authors will retain their copyright and guarantee the Journal the right of first publication of their work, which will simultaneously be subject to the Creative Commons Attribution License. The content presented here can be shared, copied and redistributed in any medium or format; Can be adapted, remixed, transformed or created from the material, using the following terms: Attribution (giving appropriate credit to the work, providing a link to the license, and indicating if changes have been made); non-commercial (you cannot use the material for commercial purposes) and share-alike (if you remix, transform or create new material from this work, you can distribute your contribution as long as you use the same license as the original work).
  • The authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for the distribution of the published version of the work (for example: depositing it in an institutional electronic archive or publishing it in a monographic volume) as long as the initial publication in this Journal is indicated.
  • Authors are allowed and recommended to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional electronic archives or on their website) before and during the submission process, which can produce interesting exchanges and increase citations. of the published work.