Oral squamous cell carcinoma and associated risk factors: A case-control study
Keywords:
mouth neoplasms, squamous cell carcinoma, risk factors, epidemiology.Abstract
Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent neoplasm of the head and neck. An adequate knowledge about its risk factors could reduce its morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To identify the causal association between some risk factors and the apparition of the oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Methods: Observational, analytic and case-control study conducted with patients treated at Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Provincial General Hospital's maxillofacial surgery service between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020. For the statistical analysis of the risk factors, the strength of the association with the Odds Ratio and its confidence intervals (95 % CI) was measured and later a multivariate analysis was performed.
Results: The sample was comprised of 87 patients (29 cases and 58 controls). The 68.96% of the cases (n=20) were male patients and their average age was 63.03 years. People with history of alcohol consumption showed a 16 times greater risk (OR=16.03). Poor oral hygiene (OR: 5.23; CI 95%: 1.18-23.29; p=0.030) and traumatic irritants (OR: 4.41; CI 95 %: 1.01-19.23; p=0.048) were risk factors too.
Conclusion: A strong association between the disease and the antecedent of alcohol consumption, the exposition to traumatic irritating and the poor oral hygiene was identified.
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References
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25. Saira, Fiaz M, Rauf M, Ahmed R, Malik S. Epidemiological and clinical correlates of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients from north-west Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2019 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 69(8):1074-8. Disponible en: https://www.jpma.org.pk/PdfDownload/9264
26. Rafieian N, Azimi S, Manifar S, Julideh H, ShirKhoda M. Is there any association between green tea consumption and the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Finding from a case-control study. Arch Oral Biology. 2019; 98:280-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.12.003
27. Chen X, Yuan Z, Lu M, Zhang Y, Jin L, Ye W. Poor oral health is associated with an increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma - a population-based case-control study in China. Int J Cancer. 2017;140(3):626-35. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30484
28. Xu S, Zhang G, Xia C, Ying-hui T. Associations between Poor Oral Health and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2019; 77(10):2128-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.10.009
29. DeAngelis A, Breik O, Koo K, Iseli T, Nastri A, Fua T. Non-smoking, non-drinking elderly females, a 5-year follow-up of a clinically distinct cohort of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Oral Oncology. 2018; 86:113-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.09.004
2. Wang S, Zhang J, Jun F. Glutathione Z. S-transferase pi 1 variant and squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility: a meta-analysis of 52 case-control studies. BMC Medical Genetics. 2019; 20(1): e22. DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0750-x
3. D'souza S, Addepalli V. Preventive measures in oral cancer: An overview. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2018; 107:72-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.114
4. Chan PKS, To KF, Tsang SH, Lau CH, Kwong WH, Chan YHY. Human papillomavirus infection and squamous cell carcinoma in Hong Kong: a case-control study. Hong Kong Med J. 2017 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 23(4-Supl 5): 8-11. Disponible en: https://www.hkmj.org/system/files/hkm1708sp5p8.pdf
5. Alharbi F, Ali MF. Individual and Integrated Effects of Potential Risk Factors for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018; 19(3):791-96. DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.3.791
6. Wei-Ping T, Guo-Ji N, Meng-Jie C, Tajigul Y, Arzi G, Arzigul W, et al. Hot food and beverage consumption and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. A case-control study in a northwest area in China. Medicine. 2017; 96(50): e9325. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000009325
7. Sekee TR, Burt FJ, Goedhals D, Goedhals J, Munsamy Y, Seedat RY. Human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in a South African cohort. Papillomavirus Res. 2018; 6: 58-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2018.10.006
8. Yakin M, Seo B, Hussaini H, Rich A, Hunter K. Human papillomavirus and oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma: the essentials. Australian Dent J. 2019; 64(1):11-8. DOI: 10.1111/adj.12652
9. Álvarez D, Munyo A, Borche G, D'Albora R, Rodríguez V, Cuello M. Cáncer de cabeza y cuello en Uruguay. Análisis de sobrevida en dos centros de referencia. Rev Méd Urug. 2018; 34(1):21-8. DOI: 10.29193/rmu.34.1.2
10. Cosetti-Olivera ML, Cunha ARD, Prass TS, Martins MAT, Hugo FN, Martins MD. Trends of mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020; 25(3): e403-9. DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23457
11. Guedes L, Pires C, Macedo AC, Gondim AM, Lima I, Dias R. O câncer de cabeça e pescoço no Brasil. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2018 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 55(3): [aprox. 19 pant.]. Disponible en: http://www.revestomatologia.sld.cu/index.php/est/article/view/1703/434
12. Tomo S, Neto SC, Collado FU, Sundefeld MLMM, Bernabé DG, Biasoli ÉR, et al. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in young patients: a 26-year clinicopathologic retrospective study in a Brazilian specialized center. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020; 25(3): e416-24. DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23461
13. Bernal-Baláez AE. Estudio epidemiológico del cáncer bucal en Colombia 1989-2008. Rev Fac Med. 2016; 64(1):75-8. DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v64n1.53736
14. Hermida Rojas M. Escala para predecir el riesgo de cáncer bucal [Tesis doctoral]. La Habana: Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana, Facultad de Estomatología; 2007. [acceso: 29/07/2021]. Disponible en: https://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/140270
15. Morales-Basulto R, Reina-Rodríguez Y, Viamontes-Beltrán J. Estudio clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes con cáncer en suelo de boca. Medisur. 2019 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 17(5):698-705. Disponible en: https://medisur.sld.cu/index.php/medisur/article/view/4161
16. Pérez-Reyes YO, Bermúdez-Núñez YI. Factores de riesgo asociados al cáncer bucal en pacientes de un consultorio médico de la familia. Rev Electrón Dr. Zoilo E. Marinello Vidaurreta. 2020 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 45(5): [aprox. 7 pant.]. Disponible en: http://revzoilomarinello.sld.cu/index.php/zmv/article/download/2172/pdf_707
17. Laurencio J, Noriega SO, Góngora RG. Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica de pacientes con cáncer bucal y otras lesiones del complejo bucomaxilofacial. MEDISAN. 2019 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 23(5):837. Disponible en: http://medisan.sld.cu/index.php/san/article/view/2844/pdf
18. Cabrera JJ, de la Rosa JD, Pérez K, Ramírez G, Peñón M, Vázquez GL. Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica de pacientes con cáncer bucal. 16 de Abril. 2020 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 59(278):e984. Disponible en: https://www.rev16deabril.sld.cu/index.php/16_4/article/view/984
19. Miguel PA, Niño A, Batista K, Miguel-Soca PE. Factores de riesgo de cáncer bucal. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2016 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 53(3):128-45. Disponible en: https://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/est/v53n3/est06316.pdf
20. González R. Contra las Adicciones, Clínica y Terapéutica. La Habana: Editorial Científico-Técnica; 2002.
21. Chaple-Gil AM, Gispert-Abreu EA. "Amar" el índice de O'Leary. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2019 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 56(4):1-5. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/pdf/est/v56n4/1561-297X-est-56-04-e2154.pdf
22. Zhang S, Hu F, Liang H, Liu Y, Yang J, Zhou W. Association between a miRNA-146a polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese patients: A meta-analysis of 8 case-control studies. PLoS ONE. 2017; 12(10): e0186609. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186609
23. Piemonte ED. Cáncer bucal: diseño y evaluación de un índice de riesgo multifactorial [Tesis doctoral]. Córdoba: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Odontología; 2015. [acceso: 29/07/2021]. Disponible en: https://rdu.unc.edu.ar/handle/11086/1757
24. Lins LSS, Bezerra NVF, Freire AR, Almeida LFD, Lucena EHG, Cavalcanti YW. Socio-demographic characteristics are related to the advanced clinical stage of oral cancer. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2019; 24(6): e759-63. DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23105
25. Saira, Fiaz M, Rauf M, Ahmed R, Malik S. Epidemiological and clinical correlates of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients from north-west Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2019 [acceso: 03/04/2021]; 69(8):1074-8. Disponible en: https://www.jpma.org.pk/PdfDownload/9264
26. Rafieian N, Azimi S, Manifar S, Julideh H, ShirKhoda M. Is there any association between green tea consumption and the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Finding from a case-control study. Arch Oral Biology. 2019; 98:280-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.12.003
27. Chen X, Yuan Z, Lu M, Zhang Y, Jin L, Ye W. Poor oral health is associated with an increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma - a population-based case-control study in China. Int J Cancer. 2017;140(3):626-35. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30484
28. Xu S, Zhang G, Xia C, Ying-hui T. Associations between Poor Oral Health and Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2019; 77(10):2128-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.10.009
29. DeAngelis A, Breik O, Koo K, Iseli T, Nastri A, Fua T. Non-smoking, non-drinking elderly females, a 5-year follow-up of a clinically distinct cohort of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Oral Oncology. 2018; 86:113-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.09.004
Published
2021-08-28
How to Cite
1.
Corrales-Reyes IE, Cruz-Sánchez V, Mejia CR. Oral squamous cell carcinoma and associated risk factors: A case-control study. Rev Cubana Med Milit [Internet]. 2021 Aug. 28 [cited 2024 Dec. 29];50(3):e02101401. Available from: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/1401
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