Risk factors related to overweight and obesity in the first 1000 days of life
Keywords:
epigenetic, obesity, pediatrics.Abstract
Introduction: Epigenetics plays a fundamental role in the prevention of overweight/obesity in the first 1000 days of life.Objective: To identify the association between prenatal, perinatal and postnatal epigenetic factors and the development of overweight and obesity in the first 1000 days of life.
Methods: Case-control study in patients admitted between September 2022 and August 2023.The variables were: overweight/obesity and epigenetic events related to the pre, peri and postnatal. For the statistical analysis of the risk factors, the strength of the association was measured with the odds ratio and its confidence intervals (95 % CI).
Results: Children under 2 years of age with a prenatal history of excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy had a 6-fold increased risk of suffering from the disease (OR: 6.46). Consumption of prenatal nutritional supplements (OR: 6.05), low birth weight (OR: 5.39), rapid weight gain during the infant stage (OR: 4.5) and malnutrition or low birth weight. Beginning of pregnancy (OR: 3.54) were also risk factors.
Conclusions: There is a strong association between the presence of overweight/obesity during the first 1000 days of life and the mother's history of excessive weight gain during pregnancy, not consuming prenatal nutritional supplements, low birth weight, rapid weight gain, weight in the infant stage and maternal malnutrition at the beginning of pregnancy.
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