Clinical characteristics of patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Keywords:
exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, mortality.Abstract
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has a high incidence and mortality in the world, its natural history is characterized by exacerbations that constitute the main reason for admission.Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients who needed hospital admission due to exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Methods: A cross-sectional case series study was carried out, in which 335 patients who required hospital admission for presenting an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were included over a 2-year period. To describe the characteristics of the patients, sociodemographic and clinical variables were considered, with which a frequency analysis was performed.
Results: 56.7% of the patients reported exposure to tobacco smoke, 46.6% had a history of arterial hypertension; 52.5% of the series presented more than 4 exacerbations per year. During admission, 54.3% presented acute respiratory failure with danger to life. Pneumonia was observed in 64.2% of the patients, with a hospital stay of more than 7 days in 79.7% of the cases. 49.5% of the patients died.
Conclusions: The history of having several exacerbations per year, the presence of life-threatening acute respiratory failure, the diagnosis of pneumonia as a complication, prolonged hospital stay and high mortality are the main characteristics.
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