Characterization of Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma in respiratory samples from newborns
Keywords:
co-infection, newborns, respiratory tract.Abstract
Introduction: The presence of genital mycoplasmas in the respiratory tract of the newborns has been associated with significant perinatal morbidities and mortality.Objective: Relating clinical-epidemiological variables to Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma, determine frequency of isolated and the coinfection in positive respiratory samples from newborns.
Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study of a series of cases in 98 hospitalized newborns. 94 pharyngeal swabs and 4 bronchial secretions were microbiologically analyzed by Multiplex-PCR for the identification of Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma species and other clinical variables were obtained such as history of preterm birth, low weight, premature rupture of membranes of 18 hours or more, with connatal bronchopneumonia or without antimicrobial treatment. As a summary measure, absolute and relative frequencies and a test of independence based on the ji square distribution were used.
Results: Of the 4 newborns with connatal bronchopneumonia, 50 % were positive for Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma hominis interchangeably. Likewise, 19.54 % of the newborn underweight and the 13.79 % of the preterm they had these bacteria's presence. There was no statistical significance between the clinical variables and these results. 7 isolates of Ureaplasma urealitycum and Mycoplasma hominis, 4 of Ureaplasma parvum and 3 of Mycoplasma genitalium were identified. Coinfection with other bacteria was obtained in 8 clinical samples.
Conclusions: There was no relationship between clinical-epidemiological variables and genital mycoplasma. Ureaplasma and Mycoplasma species were identified in respiratory samples from hospitalized newborns, as well as coinfection between several microorganisms.
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References
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26. Gallini F, De Rose DU, Coppola M, Pelosi MS, Cota F, Bottoni A, et al. Maternal Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma colonization during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants [Internet]. Front. Pediatr. 2022; 10:893812. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.893812
27. Abarzúa CF, Rehren LK, Díaz LT, Feliú HR, Meissner SA, Muñoz RJ. Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en muestras urogenitales de Ureaplasma urealyticum, el principal agente en infección intramaniótica[Internet]. Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol. 2019 [acceso: 31/01/2024]; 84(1):49-54. DOI: 10.4067/S0717-75262019000100049
2. Rittenschober -Böhm J; Habermüller T; Waldhoer T; Fuiko R; Schulz SM; Pimpel B, et al. Maternal vaginal Ureaplasma spp. colonization in early pregnancy is associated with adverse short- and long-term outcome of very preterm infants [Internet]. Children (Basel). 2021; 8(4):276. DOI:10.3390/children8040276
3. Silwedel C, Hütten MC, Speer CP, Härtel C, Haarmann A, Henrich B, et al. Ureaplasma-Driven Neonatal Neuroinflammation: Novel Insights from an Ovine Model [Internet]. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2023; 43(2):785-95. DOI:10.1007/s10571-022-01213-8
4. Venturelli N, Zeis A, de Beritto T, Hageman JR. Ureasplasma and Its Role in Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: A Review [Internet]. Neoreviews. 2021; 22(9):574-84. DOI:10.1542/neo.22-9-e574
5. Kafetzis DA, Skevaki CL, Skouteri V, Gavrili S, Peppa K, Kostalos C, et al. Maternal genital colonization with Ureaplasma urealyticum promotes preterm delivery: association of the respiratory colonization of premature infants with chronic lung disease and increased mortality [Internet]. Clin Infect Dis. 2004; 39(8):1113-22. DOI:10.1086/424505
6. Brand MC, Mandy GT, Arora S, Castro EC, Gordon PS, Hagan JL, et al. Optimum Detection of Ureaplasma in Premature Infants [Internet]. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018; 37(12):1294-98. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001994
7. Henrich B, Hammerlage S, Scharf S, Haberhausen D, Fürnkranz U, Köhrer K, et al. Characterisation of mobile genetic elements in Mycoplasma hominis with the description of ICEHo-II, a variant mycoplasma integrative and conjugative element [Internet]. Mob DNA. 2020; 11(1):30 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-020-00225-9
8. Dumke R. Antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates of Ureaplasma spp. from samples in Germany [Internet]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2023; 95(5):e02342-20. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02342-20
9. Bartkevicienea D, Opolskienea G, Bartkeviciuteb A, Arlauskienea A, Lauzikienea D, Zakarevicienea J, et al. The impact of Ureaplasma infections on pregnancy complications [Internet]. Libyan J Med. 2020; 15(1):1812821. DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2020.1812821
10. Miyoshi Y, Suga S, Sugimi S, Kurata N, Yamashita H, Yasuhi I. Vaginal Ureaplasma urealyticum or Mycoplasma hominis and preterm delivery in women with threatened preterm labor [Internet]. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022; 35(5):878-83. DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1733517
11. Osei Poku V. Maternal mortality: The role of Mycoplasma hominis and its impact on neonatal health [Internet]. Health Sciences Review. 2022; 4:100036. DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2022.100036
12. Rodríguez N, Rivera A, Fernández C, Mondeja B, Álvarez A. Urogenital Mycoplasmas Detection in New Born Child's with Respiratory Complications [Internet]. International Journal of Science. 2016; 5:24-7. DOI: 10.18483/ijSci.1056
13. García Álvarez E, Mesa Coello L, López Pérez M, Durán Morera N, García Gómez D, Abreu Duarte R. Diagnóstico de patógenos cervicovaginales en embarazadas sintomáticas hospitalizadas a partir del segundo trimestre de gestación [Internet]. Acta Médica del Centro. 2023 [acceso: 26/06/2023]; 17(3):453-61. Disponible en: https://revactamedicacentro.sld.cu/index.php/amc/article/view/1889
14. Ma L, Chu W, Feng X, Li P, Li B, Li M. Identification and Characteristics of Multidrug-Resistant Ureaplasm urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis Isolates among Female Patients with Recurrent Non-Gonococcal Urethritis in a Tertiary Hospital, China [Internet]. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2023; 50(2):29. DOI: 10.31083/j.ceog5002029
15. Motomura K; Romero R; Xu Y; Theis KR; Galaz J; Winters AD, et al. Intra-Amniotic Infection with Ureaplasma parvum Causes Preterm Birth and Neonatal Mortality That Are Prevented by Treatment with Clarithromycin [Internet]. mBio. 2020; 11(3):e00797-20. DOI:10.1128/mBio.00797-20
16. Chu A, de St Maurice A, Sim MS, Kallapur SG. Neonatal Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Infections [Internet]. Pediatr Ann. 2020; 49(7):305-12. DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20200625-01
17. AL-Enezi SK, Saeed NK, Mahmood NAA, Shadab M, Al Mahmeed A, Shahid M. Prevalence of genital mycoplasmas and co-occurrence with Gardnerella vaginalis in high vaginal swabs from adult females in Bahrain: point-prevalence observational study [Internet]. Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research. 2023; 41(3):376-88. DOI: 10.1108/AGJSR-07-2022-0108
18. Balboa de Paz F, Rueda Esteban S, Paredes Mercado C, Barbosa Gomes E. Neumonías neonatales [Internet]. Acta Pediatr Esp. 2008 [acceso: 03/01/2024]; 66(10):481-6. Disponible en: https://www.actapediatrica.com/index.php/secciones/revision/452-neumon%C3%ADas-neonatales
19. Juárez Peralta M, Loo Valverde M. Ruptura prematura de membranas y su asociación con neumonía neonatal en gestantes atendidas en un hospital terciario de Lima, Perú [Internet]. Investigación Materno Perinatal. 2020; 9(2):16-20. DOI: 10.33421/inmp.2020199
20. Sun T, Fu J. Analysis of the Clinical Features of Intrauterine Ureaplasma urealyticum Infection in Preterm Infants: A Case-Control Study [Internet]. Front Pediatr. 2021; 9:774150. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.774150
21. Lanao AE, Chakraborty RK, Pearson-Shaver AL. Mycoplasma Infections. En: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 [acceso: 07/01/2024]. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536927
22. Manhart LE, Geisler WM, Bradshaw CS, Jensen JS, Martin DH. Weighing Potential Benefits and Harms of Mycoplasma genitalium Testing and Treatment Approaches [Internet]. Emerg Infect Dis. 2022; 28(8):e220094. DOI: 10.3201/eid2808.220094
23. Jondou ME, Vallely LM, Wand H, Sweeney EL, Egli-Gany D, Kaldor J, et al. Adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes associated with Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum: a systematic review and meta-analysis [Internet]. BMJ Open. 2022; 12(8):e062990. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062990
24. Silwedel C, Speer CP, Glaser K. Ureaplasma-associated prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal morbidities [Internet]. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2017; 13(11):1073-87. DOI:10.1080/1744666X.2017.1381559
25. Ireland DJ, Keelan JA. The Maternal Serological Response to Intrauterine Ureaplasma sp. Infection and Prediction of Risk of Pre-Term Birth [Internet]. Front Immunol. 2014; 5:624. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00624
26. Gallini F, De Rose DU, Coppola M, Pelosi MS, Cota F, Bottoni A, et al. Maternal Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma colonization during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm infants [Internet]. Front. Pediatr. 2022; 10:893812. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.893812
27. Abarzúa CF, Rehren LK, Díaz LT, Feliú HR, Meissner SA, Muñoz RJ. Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en muestras urogenitales de Ureaplasma urealyticum, el principal agente en infección intramaniótica[Internet]. Rev Chil Obstet Ginecol. 2019 [acceso: 31/01/2024]; 84(1):49-54. DOI: 10.4067/S0717-75262019000100049
Published
2024-06-12
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García Gómez D, Rodríguez Preval NM, López Pérez M, Durán Morera N, Abreu Duarte R, de la Paz Montesino VM. Characterization of Ureaplasma/Mycoplasma in respiratory samples from newborns. Rev Cubana Med Milit [Internet]. 2024 Jun. 12 [cited 2025 Apr. 3];53(2):e024040259. Available from: https://revmedmilitar.sld.cu/index.php/mil/article/view/40259
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